Macro-economic Data

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A. Demography and Macroeconomy

A.1 Population
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Total population82.93 million82.66 million81.69 million
WDI
A.1.1
Total number of households41.38 million41.3 million40.96 million
Federal Statistics Office (Destatis)
A.1.2
Average household size1.992.002.01
Federal Statistical Office (Destatis)
A.1.3
Urban population (% of total)77.31% of total75.72% of total75.51% of total
WDI
A.1.4
Urban population growth (annual %).39%.7%1.08%
WDI
A.1.5
A.2 Economy
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
GDP, current prices (U.S. dollars)4,029,140 USD (millions)3,684,816 USD (millions)3,479,232 USD (millions)
WEO
A.2.1
GDP based on PPP valuation of country GDP (Current international dollar)4,379,073 USD (millions)4,170,790 USD (millions)3,996,599 USD (millions)
WEO
A.2.2
GDP per capita, current prices (U.S. dollars) 44,549.69 USD 42,249.84 USD
WEO
A.2.3
GDP based on PPP per capita GDP (Current international dollar)52,896.61 USD 50,425.15 USD 48,532.45 USD
WEO
A.2.4
GDP, constant prices (Percent change)1.91%2.51%1.86%
WEO
A.2.5
Inflation, end of period consumer prices (Percent change)1.81%1.58%1.6%
WEO
A.2.6
GDP, deflator (Index)113.79111.91110.53
WEO
A.2.7
Consumer price index111.25109.28107.42
WEI
A.2.8
GINI IndexNot availableNot availableNot available
WDI
A.2.9
Median national annual household income68,674.87 USD 60,500.51 USD 57,568.56 USD
Destatis
A.2.10
Urban minimum wages per month in USD1,670.34 USD 1,593.87 USD 1,564.54 USD
Destatis
A.2.12
Growth in urban household income (%/year)A.2.13
Employment (% of total laborforce)A.2.14
Self-employed9.15%Not availableNot available
Destatis
A.2.14.1
Unemployed3.2%3.6%4.12%
Destatis
A.2.14.3
Interest Rates:A.2.15
Central bank lending/discount rateNot availableNot availableNot available
IFS
A.2.15.1
Yield on 3 months treasury billsNot available Not available
IFS
A.2.15.2
Yield on 10-year Government bond .28%.09%
IFS
A.2.15.3
Average bank deposit rateNot availableNot available.31%
IFS
A.2.15.4
Lending rateNot availableNot available5.85%
IFS
A.2.15.5
B. Housing Market
B.1 Housing Stock: Production, Transactions
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Number of dwelling units:B.1.1
Total42.24 million41.97 million41.7 million
Federal Statistical Office (Destatis)
B.1.1.1
Percentage of vacant units8.2% of total 8% of total
Federal Statistical Office (Destatis)
B.1.2
Characteristics of housing stock:B.1.3
Average dwelling unit size-existing94.1 sq.mt91.8 sq.mt91.7 sq.mt
Federal Statistical Office (Destatis)
B.1.3.1
Tenure in urban areas (%):B.1.4
Owner-occupied units51.5% of total51.4% of total51.7% of total
EuroStat
B.1.4.1
% of owner units with a mortgage25.6% of total25.7% of total26.2% of total
EuroStat
B.1.4.2
Private rental units40.8% of total40% of total39.8% of total
EuroStat
B.1.4.3
Public / social rental units7.7% of total8.6% of total8.4% of total
EuroStat
B.1.4.4
Estimated Number of units completed/yearB.1.5
Formal sector/registered285,914 units284,816 units277,691 units
Federal Statistical Office (Destatis)
B.1.5.1
Number of recorded urban housing transactions/year569000567000587000
Hypostat 2019
B.1.6
B.2 Housing Prices and Cost for Urban Areas or Capital City
VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
Median urban house price in USD:B.2.1
Median house price to median annual HH income:B.2.2
Annual average % change in median house prices:B.2.3
Yearly Rate7.7%5.8% 
Hypostat 2019
B.2.3.1
M2 construction cost for median quality houseB.2.4


back to top | Country Data:
Notes:
Notes: 19.1%, Covered Bonds
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 2010 = 100
Notes: 3 big commercial banks, 160 commercial/ regional banks, and 16 mortgage banks
Notes: Average of Gross Household Income
Notes: Average of Gross Household Income
Notes: Bausparkassen is a savings scheme for those who need to finance the acquisition, construction or renovation of a house
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Bausparkassen Savings Scheme 
Notes: Calculated by minimum income per hour * 40 (hrs per week) * 4 (weeks per month) * 12 (months per year)
Notes: Calculated by minimum income per hour * 40 (hrs per week) * 4 (weeks per month) * 12 (months per year)
Notes: Calculated by minimum income per hour * 40 (hrs per week) * 4 (weeks per month) * 12 (months per year)
Notes: Development Banks
Notes: Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin)
Notes: German states offer assist in public housing; promitional bank offers promotional programs for housing construction/modernisation for 1st time buyers
Notes: German states offer assist in public housing; promitional bank offers promotional programs for housing construction/modernisation for 1st time buyers
Notes: German states offer assist in public housing; promitional bank offers promotional programs for housing construction/modernisation for 1st time buyers
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927.
Notes: Germany's leading credit bureau SCHUFA was founded in 1927. 
Notes: Landesbanken, Bausparkassen Savings Scheme
Notes: Life insurance companies
Notes: Low & medium taxable income HHs could apply for Interest Bonus on savings
Notes: Low & medium taxable income HHs could apply for Interest Bonus on savings
Notes: Low interest mortgages from federally owned banks; 25-40 basis points below market rate
Notes: Low interest mortgages from federally owned banks; 25-40 basis points below market rate
Notes: Pfandbriefen and covered bond legislation
Notes: Pfandbriefen and covered bond legislation
Notes: Savings Banks = 35%; Cooperative Banks = 21%; Credit Banks = 19%
Notes: Since 1996, government pays 5% of the investment annually for 8 years (no more than 2,556 euros per year)
Notes: Since 1996, government pays 5% of the investment annually for 8 years (no more than 2,556 euros per year)
Notes: Sozialen Wohnungsbau
Notes: Sozialen Wohnungsbau
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The German Mortgage Bank Act (HBG) implemented in 1900.
Notes: The Pfandbriefen and covered bond legislation set the guidelines for underwriting
Notes: The seller is subject to capital gains if they sell the property after less than 10 years of ownership.
Notes: The seller is subject to capital gains if they sell the property after less than 10 years of ownership.
Notes: The seller is subject to capital gains if they sell the property after less than 10 years of ownership.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There are no legal constraints for lending. Most lenders typically only allow for 80%. However, there is an LTV max for mortgages that are included in covered bonds.
Notes: There is a property tax levied at a rate of 0.35% of the tax value of the property.
Notes: There is a property tax levied at a rate of 0.35% of the tax value of the property.
Notes: There is a property tax levied at a rate of 0.35% of the tax value of the property.
Notes: There is a real estate transfer tax of 3.5-6.5%. This tax is paid by the buyer of the property
Notes: There is a real estate transfer tax of 3.5-6.5%. This tax is paid by the buyer of the property
Notes: There is a real estate transfer tax of 3.5-6.5%. This tax is paid by the buyer of the property
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: There is an LTV cap for mortgages going into mortgage bonds.
Notes: Total unemployment above 15 to population above 15
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.
Notes: While there are no regulations for maximum LTV, 80% is typically the ceiling. Banks do make exceptions though.