The Housing Finance System

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A. Primary Housing Finance Market

A.1 Industry Structure and Performance
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Number of firms originating and funding mortgage loans115Not availableNot available
 
A.1.1
Types of originating lenders/market share:A.1.2
Universal/ commercial banks92% of total83.5% of total77% of total
Bank of England
A.1.2.1
Other depository institutions (savings and loans/mutual savings and credit institutions)0% of total13.1% of total17.2% of total
Bank of England
A.1.2.2
Non-depository financial institutions specialized in housing finance7.2% of total3.1% of total4.1% of total
Bank of England
A.1.2.3
General non-depository financial institutions0% of total0% of total0% of total
Bank of England
A.1.2.4
Others (e.g. insurance co, pension funds, labor tax funds).8% of total.3% of total1.7% of total
Bank of England
A.1.2.5
Identify the 3 largest loan originating lendersNot availableLloyds Banking Group, Santander, Nationwide BSLloyds Banking Group, Santander, Nationwide BS
Council of Mortgage Lenders
A.1.3
Are there (quasi) public mortgage lenders:NoNoNo
 
A.1.4
Typical lending spreads for mortgages2.5%2%1.5%
Bank of England
A.1.5
Level of Non-Performing Mortgage Loans (90 days or more past due):A.1.6
as a % of # of loans1.89%1.99%1.95%
Financial Services Authority
A.1.6.1
as a % of outstanding loan amount2.47%2.78%2.72%
Financial Services Authority
A.1.6.2
Average 1997-2007 A.1.7
as a % of # of loans .6%Not availableNot availableA.1.7.1
as a % of outstanding loan amount .03%Not availableNot available
Financial Services Authority
A.1.7.2
Lowest decile of the income distribution served by the dominant mortgage lenders1 decile1 decile1 decile
CCHPR's estimate based on Family Resources Survey (FRS) produced by the Department for Work and Pensions
A.1.8
A.2 Size of Mortgage Finance Sector
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year in millions of USD:1,691,344 USD (millions)1,679,337 USD (millions)1,418,865 USD (millions)
Financial Services Authority
A.2.1
Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year as % of GDP (current)74.5%74.3%67.2%
Financial Services Authority, Office for National Statistics
A.2.1.1
and as % of all credits outstanding74.6%70.9%66.6%
Financial Services Authority, Bank of England
A.2.1.2
Total amount of home mortgages made in calender year in millions of USD137,187 USD (millions)135,168 USD (millions)13,137,190 USD (millions)
Financial Services Authority
A.2.3
and as % of GDP (current) 8.5%14.5%20.3%
Financial Services Authority, Office for National Statistics
A.2.3.1
and as % of all credits originated in calender year100%66%64%
Financial Services Authority, Bank of England
A.2.3.2
What % of total new mortgages is refinance?35.9%27%57%
Financial Services Authority
A.2.5
A.3 Housing Finance Products
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Mortgage products as % of all mortgages (approx.) in local currency:A.3.1
Fixed rate for life of loan46%64%59%
Financial Services
A.3.1.1
Variable rate/indexed36%22%29%
Financial Services
A.3.1.2
Variable rate/discretionary17%12%12%
Financial Services
A.3.1.3
Other fully amortizing loans (e.g. Rollover).8%.8%.4%
Estimation based on Financial Services
A.3.1.4
Non-fully amoritizing loans (e.g. Price level adjusted/Interest only) .2%.2%.2%
Estimation based on Financial Services
A.3.1.5
Loans based on foreign currency as % of all mortgage products.1%.1%.1%A.3.2
Most prevalent type of foreign currency mortgage used:A.3.3
Most frequent interest rates on fully amortizing:A.3.4
10 year fixed rate mortgage5.19%5.47%5.72%
Bank of England (10 year, 75% loan-to-value mortgage for 2008, 2007) Financial Services Authority (fixed rate for balances outstanding for 2009, 2010)
A.3.4.1
most common indexed ARM/10 year term3.5%4.05%4.77%
Bank of England
A.3.4.2
discretionary ARM/10 year term5.19%5.47%5.72%
Bank of England (10 year, 75% loan-to-value mortgage for 2008, 2007) Financial Services Authority (fixed rate for balances outstanding for 2009, 2010)
A.3.4.3
5 year roll-over/10 year term4.76%5.67%5.28%
Bank of England
A.3.4.4
Most frequent rate on interest only 10 yr FRM5.29%4.99%5.59%
Council of Mortgage lenders
A.3.5
Typical lender fees associated with mortgage origination: A.3.6
Fixed in amount 256 USD Not availableNot availableA.3.6.1
as % of loan amount.2%Not availableNot availableA.3.6.2
Typical third party fees associated with mortgage origination:A.3.7
Appraisal fees581 USD Not availableNot availableA.3.7.1
Title related fees434 USD 440 USD 405 USD
Land Registry
A.3.7.2
Legal fees605 USD Not availableNot available
Right Move: rightmove.co.uk
A.3.7.3
Search fees202 USD Not availableNot availableA.3.7.4
Loan-to-Value (LTV) on first mortgage: A.3.8
Maximum LTV959595
Financial Services Authority
A.3.8.1
Typical LTV at origination757578
Council of Mortgage Lenders
A.3.8.2
Maximum term over which pmt is calculated? 40 years40 years40 years
Various financial institutions' site Various financial institutions' site
A.3.9
Mortgage pmt-to-income ratio A.3.10
Maximum pmt-to-income ratio (HH income)Not available41.4%48%
Estimates drawing on National Statistics, "A Report on the Living Costs and Food Survey 2009"
A.3.10.1
Typical pmt-to-income ratio (HH income)Not available22.5%26.3%
Estimates drawing on National Statistics, "A Report on the Living Costs and Food Survey 2009"
A.3.10.3
A.4 Lending and Servicing Process
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Does the mortgage industry use standard principles/guidelines for underwriting?YesYesYes
Financial Services Authority
A.4.1
Which institutions define underwriting rules? A.4.2
Central BankYesYesYes
Bank of England
A.4.2.1
Secondary market facilityYesYesYes
Various institutions' site
A.4.2.2
Major LenderYesYesYes
Various banks' site
A.4.2.3
OtherYesYesYes
Financial Services Authority
A.4.2.4
Are loan originations conducted by others than employees of lenders?YesYesYes
Financial Services Authority
A.4.3
% of Originations done by brokers51.4%48%55.6%
Financial Services Authority
A.4.3.1
% of appraisals done by employees of lenders75%75%75%
Council of Mortgage Lenders
A.4.4
Do third party servicing institutions exist? YesYesYes
Financial Services Authority
A.4.5
A.5 Credit Risk Assessment
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Do credit bureaus exist? YesYesYes
Information Commissioner's Office
A.5.2
Are there legal/regulatory constraints to gaining access to credit information?YesYesYes
Information Commissioner's Office
A.5.2.1
Is mortgage default insurance available?YesYesYes
Various insurers' site
A.5.3
When did it begin operating?many years since 20th century many years since 20th century many years since 20th century
Editor
A.5.3.1
What is the typical MI product?Mortgage indemnity guarantee (MIG). A MIG is an insurance policy which covers the lender if a borrower default on the mortgage. It is sometimes called a mortgage insurance premium (MIP). If a borrower is borrowing 90% or more of the value of the property, the lender may insist that a borrower takes out a MIG. as 2010as 2011
Shelter England
A.5.3.2
Number of private mortgage insurers223
Editor
A.5.3.3
Are credit guarantee systems used? YesYesYes
Department for Work And Pension
A.5.4
Is there public sponsored MI / guarantee?NoNoNo
Homes for Scotland
A.5.5
What share of total annual mortgage production is insured/guaranteed? 1%1%1%
Editor
A.5.7
B. Funding Sources for Mortgages and the Secondary Mortgage Market
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
What are the main funding sources for mortgages?B.1
Retail funding (deposits/other)primaryprimaryprimary
Building Societies Association
B.1.1
Wholesale funding: loans from other banks or corporationsNon-applicableNon-applicableNon-applicable
Building Societies Association
B.1.2
Funding through mortgage bonds Non-applicableNon-applicableNon-applicable
 
B.1.3
Funding through securitization of mortgagessecondarysecondary secondary
Building Societies Association
B.1.4
What % of Residential Mortgage Backed Securities is issued by centralized conduit or liquidity facility? 100%100%100%
Financial Times, Deustche Bank
B.2
Who are the investors in RMBS?Domestic and international investment bankers at UK (and foreign, namely US & Europe) RMBS market Domestic and international investment bankers at UK (and foreign, namely US & Europe) RMBS marketDomestic and international investment bankers at UK (and foreign, namely US & Europe) RMBS market
UK RMBS market e.g. HBSO sold RMBS
B.3
C. Housing Microfinance
VariableEnd of 2010End of 2009End of 2008SourcesVar ID
Are non-collateralized housing micro-finance loans offered? NoNoNo
Editor
C.1
Types of lenders operating in the housing micro-finance (HMF) sector:C.2
Level of NPLs (>90 days past due) in HMFC.4
Are non-collateralized but secured housing finance products offered (e.g. secured by pension or insurance savings)NoNoNo
Editor
C.5
back to top | Country Data:
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: "As a customer's right in ""Mortgages: Conduct of Business"" issued by Financial services Authority"
Notes: "As a customer's right in ""Mortgages: Conduct of Business"" issued by Financial services Authority"
Notes: "As a customer's right in ""Mortgages: Conduct of Business"" issued by Financial services Authority"
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "capital & interest" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "interest only" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "interest only" repayment
Notes: "Support for Mortgage Interest; if a mortgage borrower is getting: •Income Support •income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance •income-related Employment and Support Allowance •Pension Credit (The primary aim of the Support for Mortgage Interest policy is to provide support for homeowners at risk of repossession.)"
Notes: "Support for Mortgage Interest; if a mortgage borrower is getting: •Income Support •income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance •income-related Employment and Support Allowance •Pension Credit (The primary aim of the Support for Mortgage Interest policy is to provide support for homeowners at risk of repossession.)"
Notes: "Support for Mortgage Interest; if a mortgage borrower is getting: •Income Support •income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance •income-related Employment and Support Allowance •Pension Credit (The primary aim of the Support for Mortgage Interest policy is to provide support for homeowners at risk of repossession.)"
Notes: "The UK has not needed to introduce specific secularization laws, as Firms can securities mortgages under the existing UK legal framework." (Financial Services Authority, 2007)
Notes: "The UK has not needed to introduce specific secularization laws, as Firms can securities mortgages under the existing UK legal framework." (Financial Services Authority, 2007)
Notes: "The UK has not needed to introduce specific secularization laws, as Firms can securities mortgages under the existing UK legal framework." (Financial Services Authority, 2007)
Notes: 1. Mortgage Product Sales Data includes regulated mortgage contracts only, therefore excludes other regulated home finance products such as home purchase plans and home reversions, and unregulated products such as second charge lending and buy-to-let mortgages. 2. Revisions to this data can result from the receipt of new data not previously available for earlier published reports, late and corrected submissions of data and by the identification of errors in the original data. 3. The figures in this report may differ from those published in the Mortgage Product Sales Data Trend Report, as the trend report excluded business loans.
Notes: 1. Mortgage Product Sales Data includes regulated mortgage contracts only, therefore excludes other regulated home finance products such as home purchase plans and home reversions, and unregulated products such as second charge lending and buy-to-let mortgages. 2. Revisions to this data can result from the receipt of new data not previously available for earlier published reports, late and corrected submissions of data and by the identification of errors in the original data. 3. The figures in this report may differ from those published in the Mortgage Product Sales Data Trend Report, as the trend report excluded business loans.
Notes: 2 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 2 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 5 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 5 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 90 percentile of the ratio. Other notes, see 3.10.3
Notes: 90 percentile of the ratio. Other notes, see 3.10.3
Notes: A very small proportion of Uk market<1% almost none of which are interest only. Modal rates on IO look similar to 10 year products and these are given
Notes: A very small proportion of Uk market<1% almost none of which are interest only. Modal rates on IO look similar to 10 year products and these are given
Notes: A very small proportion of Uk market<1% almost none of which are interest only. Modal rates on IO look similar to 10 year products and these are given
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Bank of England average rate for instant access accounts (unrestricted withdrawals)
Notes: Bank of England average rate for instant access accounts (unrestricted withdrawals)
Notes: Bank of England average rate for instant access accounts (unrestricted withdrawals)
Notes: Based on annual figures averaged from mix-adjusted quarterly medians
Notes: Based on annual figures averaged from mix-adjusted quarterly medians
Notes: Council Tax has a disproportionate impact on renters. Housing benefit for renters is not in a form of tax benefits.
Notes: Council Tax has a disproportionate impact on renters. Housing benefit for renters is not in a form of tax benefits.
Notes: Data Protection Act helps to protect your interests by obliging organizations to manage the information they hold in a proper way. It states that anyone who processes personal information must comply with eight principles, which make sure that it is: •fairly and lawfully processed; •processed for limited purposes; •adequate, relevant and not excessive; •accurate and up to date; •not kept for longer than is necessary; •processed in line with your rights; •secure; and •not transferred to other countries without adequate protection.
Notes: Data Protection Act helps to protect your interests by obliging organizations to manage the information they hold in a proper way. It states that anyone who processes personal information must comply with eight principles, which make sure that it is: •fairly and lawfully processed; •processed for limited purposes; •adequate, relevant and not excessive; •accurate and up to date; •not kept for longer than is necessary; •processed in line with your rights; •secure; and •not transferred to other countries without adequate protection.
Notes: Data Protection Act helps to protect your interests by obliging organizations to manage the information they hold in a proper way. It states that anyone who processes personal information must comply with eight principles, which make sure that it is: •fairly and lawfully processed; •processed for limited purposes; •adequate, relevant and not excessive; •accurate and up to date; •not kept for longer than is necessary; •processed in line with your rights; •secure; and •not transferred to other countries without adequate protection.
Notes: Denominator: outstanding of total sterling net lending to individuals and housing associations.
Notes: England only. # of property sales based on Land Registry data in in 66 local authorities, which were classified as 'major urban' by Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) based on the 2001 Census.
Notes: England only.city center: the area around the core of a large city. other urban center: the area around towns and small cities, and also older urban areas which have been swallowed up by a metropolis.
Notes: England only.city center: the area around the core of a large city. other urban center: the area around towns and small cities, and also older urban areas which have been swallowed up by a metropolis.
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from individuals
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from individuals
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from individuals
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from wholesale
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from wholesale
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from wholesale
Notes: Figures provided for all completions - couldn't find a formal/informal breakdown. Figures are for the closest financial year
Notes: Figures provided for all completions - couldn't find a formal/informal breakdown. Figures are for the closest financial year
Notes: Financial Services Authority; Financial Stability Board (succeeded to Financial Stability Forum in April 2009)
Notes: Financial Services Authority; Financial Stability Board (succeeded to Financial Stability Forum in April 2009)
Notes: Financial Services Authority; Financial Stability Board (succeeded to Financial Stability Forum in April 2009)
Notes: Financial Services Authority; Financial Stability Board (succeeded to Financial Stability Forum in April 2009)
Notes: Financial Stability Review
Notes: Financial Stability Review
Notes: Financial Stability Review
Notes: Fiscal year base. * 1stQ of 2010.
Notes: Gross (pre-tax) household income. London only.
Notes: Gross (pre-tax) household income. London only.
Notes: Gross disposable household income. London only. Average household income multiplied by household projection.
Notes: Gross disposable household income. London only. Average household income multiplied by household projection.
Notes: Homeowners mortgage support scheme started in April 2009.
Notes: Homeowners mortgage support scheme started in April 2009.
Notes: Homeowners mortgage support scheme started in April 2009.
Notes: In the jurisdiction of Property Law. (Consumer Credit Act 2006 and Financial Services and Markets Act are highly relevant.)
Notes: Included in Others
Notes: Included in Others
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Land Registry fee rose to £280 (for £200,001 - £500,000) in July 2009
Notes: Land Registry fee rose to £280 (for £200,001 - £500,000) in July 2009
Notes: Land Registry fee rose to £280 (for £200,001 - £500,000) in July 2009
Notes: Land Registry, which is the government department responsible for the land/property registers for England and Wale, has been aiming to process registrations within 12 days from the application day, and more than 80% of registration processes meet the target.
Notes: Legal system is well organised for lines. However, local governments has Mortgage Rescue Scheme or Repossession Prevention Scheme to protect borrowers.
Notes: Legal system is well organised for lines. However, local governments has Mortgage Rescue Scheme or Repossession Prevention Scheme to protect borrowers.
Notes: Legal system is well organised for lines. However, local governments has Mortgage Rescue Scheme or Repossession Prevention Scheme to protect borrowers.
Notes: London only. Including new housing figures.
Notes: London only. Including new housing figures.
Notes: Median of percent advance for first time buyers
Notes: Median of percent advance for first time buyers
Notes: Median of percent advance for first time buyers
Notes: Normally more than this value
Notes: Normally more than this value
Notes: Normally more than this value
Notes: Payment: Sum of interest, capital repayment and mortgage protection premium. Income: income and allowances
Notes: Payment: Sum of interest, capital repayment and mortgage protection premium. Income: income and allowances
Notes: Pension Credit Guarantee Credit could be given to elderly people who have certain housing costs, such as mortgage interest payments.
Notes: Quoted spread on new mortgage lending – that is the difference between a measure of the cost of funds and the interest rate charged on new lending on tracker mortgages. Values are approximate.
Notes: Quoted spread on new mortgage lending – that is the difference between a measure of the cost of funds and the interest rate charged on new lending on tracker mortgages. Values are approximate.
Notes: Quoted spread on new mortgage lending – that is the difference between a measure of the cost of funds and the interest rate charged on new lending on tracker mortgages. Values are approximate.
Notes: Rent to HomeBuy
Notes: Several shared ownership scheme other than Rent to HomeBuy; and Mortgage Interest Run On (MIRO) -- four weeks of money you can get towards paying your housing costs
Notes: Short term Government bond yield.
Notes: Short term Government bond yield.
Notes: Short term Government bond yield.
Notes: Standard variable + discounted variable
Notes: Standard variable + discounted variable
Notes: Subsidy for ailing banks/building societies
Notes: Subsidy for ailing banks/building societies
Notes: Subsidy for ailing banks/building societies
Notes: Tax free policy for mortgage payment protection insurance
Notes: Tax free policy for mortgage payment protection insurance
Notes: The lowest quartile
Notes: The lowest quartile
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency.
Notes: The national income distribution figures are used. This is this lowest income level of any type of adult (i.e., not income of a household).
Notes: The national income distribution figures are used. This is this lowest income level of any type of adult (i.e., not income of a household).
Notes: The percentages provided are for England only. England dwelling stock: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/xls/table-104.xls
Notes: The percentages provided are for England only. England dwelling stock: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/xls/table-104.xls
Notes: The Scottish Government has launched a mortgage indemnity scheme to help more first-time buyers get on the property ladder since 29 June 2011.
Notes: The Scottish Government has launched a mortgage indemnity scheme to help more first-time buyers get on the property ladder since 29 June 2011.
Notes: The Scottish Government has launched a mortgage indemnity scheme to help more first-time buyers get on the property ladder since 29 June 2011.
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Tracker
Notes: Tracker
Notes: Tracker
Notes: Traditionally, UK mortgage lenders use Master Trust programmes to issue RMBS-- namely; Mounds -- HBOS (Bank of Scotland); Gracechurch – Barclays; Permanent – HBOS (Halifax); Arkle – Cheltenham & Gloucester; Holmes – Abbey; Lothian – Standard Life; Fosse – Alliance & Leicester. Values are approximate.
Notes: Traditionally, UK mortgage lenders use Master Trust programmes to issue RMBS-- namely; Mounds -- HBOS (Bank of Scotland); Gracechurch – Barclays; Permanent – HBOS (Halifax); Arkle – Cheltenham & Gloucester; Holmes – Abbey; Lothian – Standard Life; Fosse – Alliance & Leicester. Values are approximate.
Notes: Trivial. "Very few people know that it is possible to obtain a foreign currency mortgage for UK residential properties (http://www.internationalmortgagebrokers.co.uk/foreign-currency-mortgages/foreign-currency-mortgages.html)"
Notes: Trivial. "Very few people know that it is possible to obtain a foreign currency mortgage for UK residential properties (http://www.internationalmortgagebrokers.co.uk/foreign-currency-mortgages/foreign-currency-mortgages.html)"
Notes: Trivial. "Very few people know that it is possible to obtain a foreign currency mortgage for UK residential properties (http://www.internationalmortgagebrokers.co.uk/foreign-currency-mortgages/foreign-currency-mortgages.html)"
Notes: Values are typically <90%
Notes: Values are typically <90%
Notes: Values are typically <90%
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.
Notes:
Notes:
Notes: "As a customer's right in ""Mortgages: Conduct of Business"" issued by Financial services Authority"
Notes: "For selling, You do not have to pay tax as long as: •you bought it, and incurred any expenditure on it, primarily to use it as your home rather than with a view to making a profit on its sale •the property was your only home throughout the period you owned it (ignoring the last three years of ownership) •you did actually use it as your home all the time that you owned it and, throughout that period, you did not use it for any purpose other than as a home for yourself, your family and no more than one lodger •the garden and area of grounds sold with it does not exceed 5,000 square metres (about one and a quarter acres) including the site of the house "
Notes: "For selling, You do not have to pay tax as long as: •you bought it, and incurred any expenditure on it, primarily to use it as your home rather than with a view to making a profit on its sale •the property was your only home throughout the period you owned it (ignoring the last three years of ownership) •you did actually use it as your home all the time that you owned it and, throughout that period, you did not use it for any purpose other than as a home for yourself, your family and no more than one lodger •the garden and area of grounds sold with it does not exceed 5,000 square metres (about one and a quarter acres) including the site of the house "
Notes: "For selling, You do not have to pay tax as long as: •you bought it, and incurred any expenditure on it, primarily to use it as your home rather than with a view to making a profit on its sale •the property was your only home throughout the period you owned it (ignoring the last three years of ownership) •you did actually use it as your home all the time that you owned it and, throughout that period, you did not use it for any purpose other than as a home for yourself, your family and no more than one lodger •the garden and area of grounds sold with it does not exceed 5,000 square metres (about one and a quarter acres) including the site of the house "
Notes: "For selling, You do not have to pay tax as long as: •you bought it, and incurred any expenditure on it, primarily to use it as your home rather than with a view to making a profit on its sale •the property was your only home throughout the period you owned it (ignoring the last three years of ownership) •you did actually use it as your home all the time that you owned it and, throughout that period, you did not use it for any purpose other than as a home for yourself, your family and no more than one lodger •the garden and area of grounds sold with it does not exceed 5,000 square metres (about one and a quarter acres) including the site of the house "
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "capital & interest" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "capital & interest" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "capital & interest" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "interest only" repayment
Notes: "Other" multiplied by proportion of mortgage subject to "interest only" repayment
Notes: "Support for Mortgage Interest; if a mortgage borrower is getting: •Income Support •income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance •income-related Employment and Support Allowance •Pension Credit (The primary aim of the Support for Mortgage Interest policy is to provide support for homeowners at risk of repossession.)"
Notes: "The UK has not needed to introduce specific secularization laws, as Firms can securities mortgages under the existing UK legal framework." (Financial Services Authority, 2007)
Notes: % of # of mortgages 6 months or more in arrears. Simple average of 11 annual figures of 2001 to 2006..
Notes: % of mortgage book for building societies. Simple average of 4thQ figures of 2001 to 2006.
Notes: 1. Mortgage Product Sales Data includes regulated mortgage contracts only, therefore excludes other regulated home finance products such as home purchase plans and home reversions, and unregulated products such as second charge lending and buy-to-let mortgages. 2. Revisions to this data can result from the receipt of new data not previously available for earlier published reports, late and corrected submissions of data and by the identification of errors in the original data. 3. The figures in this report may differ from those published in the Mortgage Product Sales Data Trend Report, as the trend report excluded business loans.
Notes: 1. Mortgage Product Sales Data includes regulated mortgage contracts only, therefore excludes other regulated home finance products such as home purchase plans and home reversions, and unregulated products such as second charge lending and buy-to-let mortgages. 2. Revisions to this data can result from the receipt of new data not previously available for earlier published reports, late and corrected submissions of data and by the identification of errors in the original data. 3. The figures in this report may differ from those published in the Mortgage Product Sales Data Trend Report, as the trend report excluded business loans.
Notes: 2 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 2 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 2010 not available from WDI. ONS mid year estimate used instead (ONS matches the previous figures from WDI)
Notes: 5 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 5 year, 75% LTV
Notes: 90 percentile of the ratio. Other notes, see 3.10.3
Notes: A very small proportion of Uk market<1% almost none of which are interest only. Modal rates on IO look similar to 10 year products and these are given
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annual Population Survey (16-64 year olds)
Notes: Annualized from Bank of England rate history
Notes: Annualized from Bank of England rate history
Notes: Annualized from Bank of England rate history
Notes: Annualized from Bank of England rate history
Notes: Bank of England average rate for instant access accounts (unrestricted withdrawals)
Notes: Bank of England Consolidated Market Notice: Special Liquidity Scheme
Notes: Bank of England Consolidated Market Notice: Special Liquidity Scheme
Notes: Bank of England Consolidated Market Notice: Special Liquidity Scheme
Notes: Bank of England Consolidated Market Notice: Special Liquidity Scheme
Notes: Banks (* from 2010, BoE combined banks and building societies' data)
Notes: Banks (* from 2010, BoE combined banks and building societies' data)
Notes: Banks (* from 2010, BoE combined banks and building societies' data)
Notes: Banks (* from 2010, BoE combined banks and building societies' data)
Notes: Based on annual figures averaged from mix-adjusted quarterly medians
Notes: Based on annual figures averaged from mix-adjusted quarterly medians
Notes: Building societies
Notes: Building societies
Notes: Building societies
Notes: Building societies
Notes: Calculated from ONS mid-year population estimates and household estimates
Notes: Calculated from ONS mid-year population estimates and household estimates
Notes: Council Tax has a disproportionate impact on renters. Housing benefit for renters is not in a form of tax benefits.
Notes: Council Tax has a disproportionate impact on renters. Housing benefit for renters is not in a form of tax benefits.
Notes: Council Tax is tax on residential property, regardless of ownership; that is, renters also have to pay for their homes.
Notes: Council Tax is tax on residential property, regardless of ownership; that is, renters also have to pay for their homes.
Notes: Council Tax is tax on residential property, regardless of ownership; that is, renters also have to pay for their homes.
Notes: Council Tax is tax on residential property, regardless of ownership; that is, renters also have to pay for their homes.
Notes: Data in Square Meters for England only
Notes: Data in Square Meters for England only
Notes: Data in Square Meters for England only
Notes: Data Protection Act helps to protect your interests by obliging organizations to manage the information they hold in a proper way. It states that anyone who processes personal information must comply with eight principles, which make sure that it is: •fairly and lawfully processed; •processed for limited purposes; •adequate, relevant and not excessive; •accurate and up to date; •not kept for longer than is necessary; •processed in line with your rights; •secure; and •not transferred to other countries without adequate protection.
Notes: Denominator: outstanding of total sterling net lending to individuals and housing associations.
Notes: Denominator: outstanding of total sterling net lending to individuals and housing associations.
Notes: Denominator: outstanding of total sterling net lending to individuals and housing associations.
Notes: England only
Notes: England only
Notes: England only
Notes: England only. # of property sales based on Land Registry data in in 66 local authorities, which were classified as 'major urban' by Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) based on the 2001 Census.
Notes: England only. # of property sales based on Land Registry data in in 66 local authorities, which were classified as 'major urban' by Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) based on the 2001 Census.
Notes: England only. # of property sales based on Land Registry data in in 66 local authorities, which were classified as 'major urban' by Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) based on the 2001 Census.
Notes: England only.city center: the area around the core of a large city. other urban center: the area around towns and small cities, and also older urban areas which have been swallowed up by a metropolis.
Notes: Estimated based on a graph on The Poverty Site, which reports the following sources: (1) Households Below Average Income and (2) Family Resources Survey. Figures are for financial years (2008 = 2008/09).
Notes: Estimated based on a graph on The Poverty Site, which reports the following sources: (1) Households Below Average Income and (2) Family Resources Survey. Figures are for financial years (2008 = 2008/09).
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from individuals
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector, including building societies: deposit from wholesale
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector. Primary funding source is securitization, some mortgage bonds and other market funding.
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector. This part includes securitization, some mortgage bonds and other market funding.
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector. This part includes securitization, some mortgage bonds and other market funding.
Notes: Estimated from financial statistics about the mutual lenders and deposit takers sector. This part includes securitization, some mortgage bonds and other market funding.
Notes: Figures provided for all completions - couldn't find a formal/informal breakdown. Figures are for the closest financial year
Notes: Financial Services Authority; Financial Stability Board (succeeded to Financial Stability Forum in April 2009)
Notes: Financial Stability Review
Notes: Fiscal year base. * 1stQ of 2010.
Notes: Fiscal year base. * 1stQ of 2010.
Notes: Fiscal year base. * 1stQ of 2010.
Notes: For 22+ year olds, averaged by month and assuming full time work and a 7.5 hour day
Notes: For 22+ year olds, averaged by month and assuming full time work and a 7.5 hour day
Notes: For 22+ year olds, averaged by month and assuming full time work and a 7.5 hour day
Notes: Gross (pre-tax) household income. London only.
Notes: Gross disposable household income. London only. Average household income multiplied by household projection.
Notes: Homebuyer's report costs £250 -£500. ( For more comprehensive survey such as building structure survey, the fee is £1000 plus.)
Notes: Homeowners mortgage support scheme started in April 2009.
Notes: However, lenders must act within a statutory regime for regulating mortgages Mortgage Conduct of Business set by the Financial Services Authority in October 2004.
Notes: However, lenders must act within a statutory regime for regulating mortgages Mortgage Conduct of Business set by the Financial Services Authority in October 2004.
Notes: However, lenders must act within a statutory regime for regulating mortgages Mortgage Conduct of Business set by the Financial Services Authority in October 2004.
Notes: However, lenders must act within a statutory regime for regulating mortgages Mortgage Conduct of Business set by the Financial Services Authority in October 2004.
Notes: In the jurisdiction of Property Law. (Consumer Credit Act 2006 and Financial Services and Markets Act are highly relevant.)
Notes: In the jurisdiction of Property Law. (Consumer Credit Act 2006 and Financial Services and Markets Act are highly relevant.)
Notes: In the jurisdiction of Property Law. (Consumer Credit Act 2006 and Financial Services and Markets Act are highly relevant.)
Notes: In the UK all formal transactions are registered with the Land Registry or equivalent organisation
Notes: In the UK all formal transactions are registered with the Land Registry or equivalent organisation
Notes: In the UK all formal transactions are registered with the Land Registry or equivalent organisation
Notes: In the UK all formal transactions are registered with the Land Registry or equivalent organization
Notes: Included in Others
Notes: Included in Others
Notes: Inner London data. The assumption: a. House sizes between 100-280m2; b. standard quality; c. including a garage (one car with a flat roof); d. traditional brick/block.
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Internal rule
Notes: Land Registry fee rose to £280 (for £200,001 - £500,000) in July 2009
Notes: Land Registry, which is the government department responsible for the land/property registers for England and Wale, has been aiming to process registrations within 12 days from the application day, and more than 80% of registration processes meet the target.
Notes: Land Registry, which is the government department responsible for the land/property registers for England and Wale, has been aiming to process registrations within 12 days from the application day, and more than 80% of registration processes meet the target.
Notes: Land Registry, which is the government department responsible for the land/property registers for England and Wale, has been aiming to process registrations within 12 days from the application day, and more than 80% of registration processes meet the target.
Notes: Legal system is well organised for lines. However, local governments has Mortgage Rescue Scheme or Repossession Prevention Scheme to protect borrowers.
Notes: Local authority search fee (£60) and other search fee (£70).
Notes: London only. Including new housing figures.
Notes: London only. Including new housing figures.
Notes: Median of percent advance for first time buyers
Notes: Mortgage interest relief was withdrawn in April 2000
Notes: Mortgage interest relief was withdrawn in April 2000
Notes: Mortgage interest relief was withdrawn in April 2000
Notes: Mortgage interest relief was withdrawn in April 2000
Notes: National data is not available. Generally speaking, national prices/indices on property market have proxy to those in the North West region. For reference, thus, the region's figure is set out. The assumption: a. House sizes between 100-280m2; b. standard quality; c. including a garage (one car with a flat roof); d. traditional brick/block.
Notes: Normally more than this value
Notes: Numerator: # of customers receiving Support for Mortgage Interest as at November 2009; Denominator: # of mortgage loan accounts in Q4 2009.
Notes: Outer London data. The assumption: a. House sizes between 100-280m2; b. standard quality; c. including a garage (one car with a flat roof); d. traditional brick/block.
Notes: Payment: Sum of interest, capital repayment and mortgage protection premium. Income: income and allowances
Notes: Pension Credit Guarantee Credit could be given to elderly people who have certain housing costs, such as mortgage interest payments.
Notes: Pension Credit Guarantee Credit could be given to elderly people who have certain housing costs, such as mortgage interest payments.
Notes: Please use IMF annual market exchange rates [2010: GBP 1.55 = 1 USD]. Typical example of lender's valuation fee (£165 for £100,000) but some lenders do not charge this type of fee to attract borrowers .
Notes: Please use IMF end of year market exchange rate [2008: USD 1.46 = 1 GBP]
Notes: Please use IMF end of year market exchange rate [2009: USD 1.62= 1 GBP]
Notes: Please use IMF end of year market exchange rate [2007: USD 2.00= 1 GBP]
Notes: Please use IMF end of year market exchange rate [2010: USD 1.56 = 1 GBP]
Notes: Quoted spread on new mortgage lending – that is the difference between a measure of the cost of funds and the interest rate charged on new lending on tracker mortgages. Values are approximate.
Notes: ratio of median house price to median earnings
Notes: ratio of median house price to median earnings
Notes: ratio of median house price to median earnings
Notes: ratio of median house price to median earnings
Notes: Rent to HomeBuy
Notes: Rent to HomeBuy
Notes: Rent to HomeBuy
Notes: Several shared ownership scheme other than Rent to HomeBuy; and Mortgage Interest Run On (MIRO) -- four weeks of money you can get towards paying your housing costs
Notes: Several shared ownership scheme other than Rent to HomeBuy; and Mortgage Interest Run On (MIRO) -- four weeks of money you can get towards paying your housing costs
Notes: Several shared ownership scheme other than Rent to HomeBuy; and Mortgage Interest Run On (MIRO) -- four weeks of money you can get towards paying your housing costs
Notes: Short term Government bond yield.
Notes: Standard variable + discounted variable
Notes: Standard variable + discounted variable
Notes: Subsidy for ailing banks/building societies
Notes: Tax free policy for mortgage payment protection insurance
Notes: Tax free policy for mortgage payment protection insurance
Notes: The cost varies and no official data. In Survey by Scotland, the cost includes, court costs and costs during the repossession process - the latter consists of solicitors costs, lenders fee ( if repossessed), fee for every month the account is in arrears, cost of reviewing file and pass it on to solicitors, and legal fees including letters. The estimate is a case of 6-month arrear, using outstanding debt at the time of repossession.
Notes: The court files suggest that lenders tend to apply for possession when there are around 2 or 3 months arrears (South West Councils, 2009). On the hands, there exists cases with mortgages 12 months or more in arrears in the statistics of the CLG over the relevant period.
Notes: The court files suggest that lenders tend to apply for possession when there are around 2 or 3 months arrearsSouth West Councils, 2009). On the hands, there exists cases with mortgages 12 months or more in arrears in the statistics of the CLG over the relevant period
Notes: The court files suggest that lenders tend to apply for possession when there are around 2 or 3 months arrearsSouth West Councils, 2009). On the hands, there exists cases with mortgages 12 months or more in arrears in the statistics of the CLG over the relevant period.
Notes: The court files suggest that lenders tend to apply for possession when there are around 2 or 3 months arrearsSouth West Councils, 2009). On the hands, there exists cases with mortgages 12 months or more in arrears in the statistics of the CLG over the relevant period.
Notes: The fee you pay the solicitor or conveyancer for working for you. For a £150,000 property, expect to pay at least £325 + VAT.
Notes: The great majority of the recipient of income supports subject to 2.1.2 and 2.1.6 belonged to the lowest quartile of income distribution.
Notes: The great majority of the recipient of income supports subject to 2.1.2 and 2.1.6 belonged to the lowest quartile of income distribution.
Notes: The great majority of the recipient of income supports subject to 2.1.2 and 2.1.6 belonged to the lowest quartile of income distribution.
Notes: The lowest quartile
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency.
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency.
Notes: The methodology used to calculate these series has changed from January 2008 onwards. These changes have been applied to the combined bank and building society series historically dating back to January 2005 for consistency.
Notes: The national income distribution figures are used. This is this lowest income level of any type of adult (i.e., not income of a household).
Notes: The national income distribution figures are used. This is this lowest income level of any type of adult (i.e., not income of a household).
Notes: The percentages provided are for England only. England dwelling stock: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/xls/table-104.xls
Notes: The percentages provided are for England only. England dwelling stock: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/xls/table-104.xls
Notes: The Scottish Government has launched a mortgage indemnity scheme to help more first-time buyers get on the property ladder since 29 June 2011.
Notes: There are public assistance to prevent repossession, which could appear obstacles from the lenders' viewpoint.
Notes: There are public assistance to prevent repossession, which could appear obstacles from the lenders' viewpoint.
Notes: There are public assistance to prevent repossession, which could appear obstacles from the lenders' viewpoint.
Notes: There are public assistance to prevent repossession, which could appear obstacles from the lenders' viewpoint.
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some Further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Total of 1st charge loans, 2nd and subsequent charge loans (where the borrower takes an extra loan from another lender) and some further advance loans ( This applies in cases where a 1st charge lender grants a further advance on the original mortgage, but for administrative purposes treats it as a separate loan account).
Notes: Tracker
Notes: Traditionally, UK mortgage lenders use Master Trust programmes to issue RMBS-- namely; Mounds -- HBOS (Bank of Scotland); Gracechurch – Barclays; Permanent – HBOS (Halifax); Arkle – Cheltenham & Gloucester; Holmes – Abbey; Lothian – Standard Life; Fosse – Alliance & Leicester. Values are approximate.
Notes: Traditionally, UK mortgage lenders use Master Trust programmes to issue RMBS-- namely; Mounds -- HBOS (Bank of Scotland); Gracechurch – Barclays; Permanent – HBOS (Halifax); Arkle – Cheltenham & Gloucester; Holmes – Abbey; Lothian – Standard Life; Fosse – Alliance & Leicester. Values are approximate
Notes: Trivial. "Very few people know that it is possible to obtain a foreign currency mortgage for UK residential properties (http://www.internationalmortgagebrokers.co.uk/foreign-currency-mortgages/foreign-currency-mortgages.html)"
Notes: Value is normally less than
Notes: Value is normally less than
Notes: Value is normally less than
Notes: Value is normally less than
Notes: Value is normally less than
Notes: Values are typically <90%
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.
Notes: WEO Estimate for 2008, 2009 & 2010.